[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.emkas.cz\/co-to-jsou-srapnelove-bomby\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.emkas.cz\/co-to-jsou-srapnelove-bomby\/","headline":"Co to jsou \u0161rapnelov\u00e9 bomby?","name":"Co to jsou \u0161rapnelov\u00e9 bomby?","description":"\u0160rapnel je obecn\u00fd term\u00edn, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k popisu fragment\u016f odhozen\u00fdch bombou nebo jin\u00fdm v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm. Obvykle se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z h\u0159eb\u00edk\u016f, kuli\u010dkov\u00fdch lo\u017eisek, jehel nebo jin\u00fdch drobn\u00fdch, kovov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou n\u00e1sledkem v\u00fdbuchu \u0161rapnelov\u00e9 bomby hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou smrti a zran\u011bn\u00ed. \u00a0 V roce 1780, britsk\u00fd poru\u010d\u00edk jm\u00e9nem Henry Shrapnel vyvinul d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9 sko\u0159\u00e1pky s dlouh\u00fdm dosahem, […]","datePublished":"2025-03-07","dateModified":"2025-03-07","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.emkas.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.emkas.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/232437c79d6ebbb41eb67b1526ce0bc08ee5047d6b1594dc05abcc3258d8e0b3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/232437c79d6ebbb41eb67b1526ce0bc08ee5047d6b1594dc05abcc3258d8e0b3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"emkas.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.emkas.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a297882_w2001_t1508257510.png","url":"https:\/\/www.emkas.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a297882_w2001_t1508257510.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.emkas.cz\/co-to-jsou-srapnelove-bomby\/","wordCount":414,"articleBody":"\u0160rapnel je obecn\u00fd term\u00edn, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k popisu fragment\u016f odhozen\u00fdch bombou nebo jin\u00fdm v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm. Obvykle se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z h\u0159eb\u00edk\u016f, kuli\u010dkov\u00fdch lo\u017eisek, jehel nebo jin\u00fdch drobn\u00fdch, kovov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou n\u00e1sledkem v\u00fdbuchu \u0161rapnelov\u00e9 bomby hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou smrti a zran\u011bn\u00ed.\u00a0V roce 1780, britsk\u00fd poru\u010d\u00edk jm\u00e9nem Henry Shrapnel vyvinul d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9 sko\u0159\u00e1pky s dlouh\u00fdm dosahem, zabalen\u00e9 olov\u011bn\u00fdm pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly zpo\u017ed\u011bnou pojistku. \u0160rapnelova sko\u0159\u00e1pka byla navr\u017eena tak, aby explodovala v bl\u00edzkosti nebo nad hlavami nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje rozs\u00e1hlou smrt a zran\u011bn\u00ed. Pot\u00e9, co toto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pomohlo britsk\u00e9mu bezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad napoleonsk\u00fdmi vojsky v bitv\u011b u Waterloo v roce 1815, byl Shrapnel uzn\u00e1n jako n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hrdina.\u00a0Dnes jsou bomby obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161rapnel jednou z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zbran\u00ed terorist\u016f, sebevra\u017eedn\u00fdch atent\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch militant\u016f, proto\u017ee mohou b\u00fdt levn\u011b postaveny, snadno skryty a mohou \u0161\u00ed\u0159it paniku a krveprolit\u00ed na \u0161irok\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed.\u00a0\u00a0Existuje n\u011bkolik variac\u00ed t\u011bchto bomb, ale ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u00e1 stejn\u00fd z\u00e1klad\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 dut\u00fd \u00fasek ocelov\u00e9 trubky (je z obou v\u00fdvod\u016f uzav\u0159en\u00e1)\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 n\u00edzko \u2013 kvalitn\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fd prvek (st\u0159eln\u00fd orach, jin\u00e1 chemick\u00e1 slou\u010denina) p\u0159ipojen\u00fd k pojistce\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kovov\u00fd \u0161rapnel zabalen\u00fd uvnit\u0159 dut\u00e9 trubky\u00a0Kdy\u017e dojde k explozi n\u00edzk\u00e9ho stupn\u011b, tlak uvnit\u0159 ocelov\u00e9 trubky zesiluje v\u00fdbu\u0161nou s\u00edlu a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed mnohem siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdbuch, ne\u017e by bylo dosa\u017eeno bez vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b oceli.\u00a0Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed \u00farazy p\u0159i v\u00fdbuchu jsou zp\u016fsobeny po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edmi vlnami, kter\u00e9 obecn\u011b postihuj\u00ed org\u00e1ny s obsahem vzduchu. Poran\u011bn\u00ed plic a roztr\u017een\u00e9 u\u0161n\u00ed bub\u00ednky jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 u lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou nejbl\u00ed\u017ee k odp\u00e1len\u00e9 bomb\u011b.\u00a0Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed poran\u011bn\u00ed jsou ta, kter\u00e1 jsou zp\u016fsobena \u0161rapnelov\u00fdmi nebo jin\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty hozen\u00fdmi vysokou rychlost\u00ed. Tato zran\u011bn\u00ed jsou \u010dasto lokalizov\u00e1na v ur\u010dit\u00e9 oblasti t\u011bl ob\u011bt\u00ed, v z\u00e1vislosti na um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed bomby.\u00a0Terci\u00e1rn\u00ed poran\u011bn\u00ed, jako jsou zlomen\u00e9 kosti, jsou zp\u016fsobeny p\u0159i panice a snahou o \u00fat\u011bk a kvart\u00e9rn\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00ed zahrnuj\u00ed pop\u00e1leniny a dal\u0161\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky odp\u00e1len\u00e9 bomby.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.2\/5 - (5 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Co to jsou \u0161rapnelov\u00e9 bomby?","item":"https:\/\/www.emkas.cz\/co-to-jsou-srapnelove-bomby\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]